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-
- USER PAY, USER WAIT
-
- By ROBERT WALKER
- Calgary Herald
-
- HOUSTON, Tex. - When Freed Little showed up at the Texas Heart
- Institute with chest pains, he didn't have to worry about going on
- a waiting list.
-
- The 64-year-old oil consultant only had to guarantee he could pay
- before his operation was scheduled for the following day.
-
- Robert Huff, a 57-year-old Atlanta house painter, wasn't so lucky.
-
- He died last January after X-rays revealed a tumor in his lung the
- size of a fist. Because he didn't have health insurance, he had
- delayed seeing a doctor for a cough for 13 months.
-
- These are the two faces of American health care.
-
- See <13health> for detailed discussion of the U.S. health system
-
- At its best for the rich, the U.S. system responds to the clink of
- cash with health care that's often superior to anything else in the
- world.
-
- For those unable to afford increasing expensive insurance, illness
- too often means bankruptcy or death.
-
- North of the border - where patients are often forced to wait many
- months for things such as elective heart surgery - Canadians often
- envy the care instantly available to patients like Little.
-
- Albertans face a six-month wait for elective heart surgery,
- Manitobans eight months. In B.C. and Ontario the waiting lists are
- so bad some patients are sent to the U.S. for treatment.
-
- See <03health> for a discussion of the Canadian health system
-
- Rationing is never a problem for those Americans who can afford it.
-
- The main concern at the privately run Texas Heart Institute - the
- biggest cardiac centre in the world doing 3,500 open heart
- operations a year - is finding a continuous flow of patients in a
- highly competitive market.
-
- ``Waiting is the only fear I have of a socialistic-type program,''
- says Little, who earns enough income to afford private health
- insurance. He left hospital 16 days after being admitted -
- confident four insurance companies were picking up a tab he
- estimates will total about $80,000.
-
- But those who have no health insurance at all number 34 million -
- more than the whole population of Canada.
-
- Roger Widmeyer, spokesman for Ben Taub county hospital, a few
- blocks from the Texas Heart Institute, says the two publicly funded
- facilities have over 1,000 Medicaid and other patients on their
- waiting lists.
-
- Some have waited since 1988 for operations for hernias, cancer,
- orthopedics, and other elective surgery. Total hip and knee
- replacements and transplant surgery are not done at all, Widmeyer
- says, because they cannot afford it.
-
- A recent study by Harvard University researchers found that a heart
- disease victim covered by U.S. government Medicaid is 40 per cent
- less likely to receive need surgery than a privately insured heart
- patient.
-
- ``People say we don't want to get into rationing health care
- here.'' says Widmeyer. ``But we are already rationing.''
-
- The high cost of getting insurance is only one of many problems
- dulling the lustre of advanced U.S. health care.
-
- While Canadian politicians bemoan the cost of our universal system,
- leading Canadian health economist Bob Evans says Canadians spend 25
- per cent less on health care than Americans. Compared to its
- neighbor's, Canadian costs are well under control.
-
- Evans, a professor at the University of British Columbia, also
- says:
-
- - The more expensive U.S. system does not result in better
- health south of the border, where people live shorter lives and
- have higher infant mortality.
-
- - Compared with Canada, virtually all extra spending on health
- care in the U.S. is on additional administrative costs, higher
- doctor incomes and the intensity of service in hospitals. Extra red
- tape in the U.S. costs about $30 billion.
-
- - There are huge variations in the U.S. in rates of bypass
- surgery which suggest ``much of the surgery is inappropriate.''
-
- - More Californians die having unnecessary heart surgery than
- Canadians die waiting for it, according to one U.S. commentator,
- cited by Evans.
-
- Dr. David Low, president of the Texas Health Science Centre, and
- recently recruited from the University of British Columbia, says
- U.S. health care is in chaos.
-
- A leading expert in the two systems, he says U.S. hospitals have 10
- times more accountants than Canadian hospitals to deal with
- insurance.
-
- There are thousands of companies ``each with different forms,
- different eligibility requirements, different billing procedures,''
- says Low. He himself recently spent less than a day in hospital for
- cardiac catheterization. His bill was $7,500.
-
- ``I still don't know what it's for. It's terribly confusing and
- unbearably frustrating whether you're a patient or a provider,''
- says the former professor of neurology.
-
- Low says competition between facilities means the Texas Medical
- Centre and its 14 rival hospitals have between them six $3-million
- MRIs (magnetic resonance imaging scanners) - as many as the whole
- of Canada.
-
- The Canadian system may not be in such bad shape compared with the
- States, but heart patient Freed Little reflects a widely held
- belief in the U.S. that a Canadian-style system involves too much
- government meddling.
-
- ``I think we need some drastic improvements in our system to make
- it broader based and cheaper,'' Little says as he recovers in his
- private room.
-
- ``But the way to do it is to keep the government out.''
-
- His heart surgeon Dr. Grady Hallman agrees.
-
- ``The government is not the solution to the problem. The government
- is the problem.''
-
- Little's case illustrates the huge costs that are crippling ready
- access to U.S. health care.
-
- For Little's quadruple bypass, Hallman charged $5,200 (US) compared
- with, for example, $1,975 (Cdn) paid by Alberta Health Care
- Insurance Plan to that province's heart surgeons.
-
- See <08health -coronary> for discussion of bypass surgery
-
- The average U.S. surgeon makes between $220,000 and $250,000 after
- office expenses but before tax, according to the American Medical
- Association.
-
- Heart surgeons in Alberta, for example, bill the health care plan
- on average $312,000 including office expenses, ending up with far
- less than their U.S. counterparts.
-